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Briefings in Functional Genomics and Proteomics Advance Access published online on September 2, 2006
Briefings in Functional Genomics and Proteomics, doi:10.1093/bfgp/ell030
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© Oxford University Press, 2006, All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Original Article

Epigenetic regulators and histone modification

Axel Imhof *

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Axel Imhof, E-mail: imhof{at}lmu.de


  Abstract

Epigenetic inheritance is a key element in the adaptation of organisms to a rapidly changing environment without stably changing their DNA sequence. The necessary changes in its gene expression profiles are frequently associated with variations in chromatin structure. The conformation of chromatin is profoundly influenced by the post-translational modification of the histone proteins, the incorporation of histone variants, the activity of nucleosome remodelling factors and the association of non-histone chromatin proteins. Although the hierarchy of these factors is still not fully understood, genetic experiments suggest that histone-modifying enzymes play a major causal role in setting up a particular chromatin structure. In this article, the recent progress that was made to understand the molecular mechanisms of the targeting and regulation of histone modifiers and its implication for epigenetic inheritance are reviewed.

Keywords: chromatin; post-translational modifications; epigenetics; methylation.

Axel Imhof studied biology at the University of Regensburg and received his Diploma in 1992. He entered graduate school at the University Regensburg and finished his doctoral thesis in 1995 at the Institute of Pathology. After a 3-year post-doctoral period at the NIH he became an independent group leader at the Adolf-Butenandt Institute of the University of Munich.


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