Briefings in Functional Genomics and Proteomics Advance Access originally published online on November 2, 2006
Briefings in Functional Genomics and Proteomics 2006 5(4):280-288; doi:10.1093/bfgp/ell035
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Using genomics and proteomics to investigate mechanisms of transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Corresponding author. D. S. Gross, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932 USA. Tel: 318 675-5180; E-mail: dgross{at}lsuhsc.edu
Silent chromatin in budding yeast is characterized by the presence of a specialized chromatin modification complex consisting of silent information regulator (Sir) proteins, closely packed pairs of nucleosomes, and hypoacetylated and hypomethylated histones. How this specialized chromatin is established, maintained and inherited has been extensively studied. Less investigated are the determinants that constrain its linear spread along the chromatin fibre and the manner by which it represses gene transcription. Here we review the essential features of SIR-mediated heterochromatin, and discuss genomic and proteomic approaches for discerning the composition of its boundaries and for elucidating the mechanisms by which it silences transcription.
Keywords: Sir proteins, silent chromatin, histone modifications, chromosomal boundary elements, RNA polymerase II, downstream inhibition model of silencing
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